Kolar Gold Fields (K.G.F.) is a mining area in K.G.F. Taluk (Township), Kolar District, Karnataka, India. It is headquartered in Robertsonpet, where employees and their families of Bharat Gold Mines Limited (BGML) and BEML Limited (formerly Bharat Earth Movers Limited) live.  

K.G.F. About 30 kilometers (19 mi) from Kolar, 29 kilometers (18 mi) from Kuppam and 100 kilometers (62 mi) from Bangalore.  

The city has been known for gold mining for more than a century. 

The mines closed on 28 February 2001 due to the fall in gold prices, despite which gold was present.  One of India’s first power generating units was built in 1889 to support mining operations.  

The mine complex hosted some particle physics experiments between 1960 and 1992.

History of Kolar Gold Fields:

The early history of Kolar Gold Fields was compiled by Fred Goodwill, Superintendent of the Vesselin Tamil Mission, Bangalore and Kolar Gold Fields. Goodwill’s study was published in the Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society and elsewhere.

Western Ganga established Kolar in the second century. By the time he was in power (about 1,000 years) he used the title “Kuvalala-Purvashwara” (Lord of Kolar), even when he moved to his capital, Talakadu.  From Talakadu, the Western Gangas ruler Gangavadi (the southern home of the Kannada people).

Kolar came under the Chola rule in 1004.  Following their general naming system, the Cholas called the district Nicarilichola-Mandla. 

Around 1117, the Hoysalas (under Vishnuvardhana) captured Talakadu and Kolar and expelled the Cholas from the Kingdom of Mysore. Veera Someshwara divided the empire between her two sons in 1254 and Kolar was given to Ramanath.

Western Ganga made Kolar its capital and placed Mysore, Coimbatore, Salem and Trava.  

Around the 13th century, sage Pavanapanthi Munivar wrote to Nannul about the Tamil grammar in the Ullangadi cave.

Under the Chola rule, King Uthama Chola states that he built the temple to Renuka. The Chola rulers Veer Chola, Vikram Chola and Raja Nagendra Chola built stone structures with inscriptions at Avni, Moolbagal, and Sitti Betta.  

The Chola inscription mentions the rule of Aditya Chola I (871–907), Raja Raja Chola I of Kolar and Rajendra Chola I, Kolar referred to as “Nicarilli Cholamandalam” and “Jayam Konda Chola Mandalam”.  

Inscriptions of Rajendra Chola I appear on the Kolarama temple. A number of Shiva temples were built in Kolar under Chola, such as Someshwara and Sri Udandeshwari temples in Marikuppam village, Iswaran temple in Urugampet and Sivan temple in Madiwala village.  

The Chola rule of Kolar lasted till 1116. The Chola inscriptions suffered neglect and vandalism.  According to B. Lewis Rice, names and events have been confused.

The Vijayanagar rule of Kolar lasted from 1338 to 14.  During the 1 Kolth century, Kolar came under the rule of the Marathas as part of the jagir of Shahaji fifty years ago, when the Muslims ruled for seventy years.  

In 1720, Kolar became part of the Syrah province;  Hyder Ali’s father Fat Muhammad was a faujdar of the province.  

Kolar was then ruled by the Marathas, the Nawabs of Kadapa, the Nizams of Hyderabad and Hyder Ali.  Ruled by the British from 1768 to 1770, it again went to the Marathas and then to Hyder Ali.  

In 1791 Lord Cornwallis conquered Kolar in 1791, returning it to Mysore the following year in the Treaty of Seringapatam.

Inscriptions in the area of ​​the reigns of the kings of Mahavalis (Banas), Kadambas, Chalukyas, Pallavas, Vaidyambas, Rastrakutas, Cholas, Hoysalas and Mysore.  B. Lewis Rice recorded 1,347 inscriptions in the 10th volume district of Epigraphia Karnataka.  Of the inscriptions, 714 are in Kannada;  422 are in Tamil, and 211 in Telugu.

John Taylor III acquired several mines in K.G.F.  In 1880, and his firm (John Taylor & Sons) operated them until 1956; The Mysore Gold Mining Company was a subsidiary company.  

In 1902, the mines were electrified with a 140-kilometer (87 mi) cable operated by General Electric from a hydroelectric plant at the Sivanasamudra Falls. The Government of Mysore acquired the mines in 1956.

Origin of KGF city

With the increase of gold mines and the need for more labor, people from Dharmapuri, Krishnagiri, Salem and North and South Arcot districts of Tamil Nadu and Chittoor and Anantapur districts of Andhra Pradesh settled nearby;  The settlements began to form the outskirts of K.G.F.  

Well-to-do families of British and Indian engineers, geologists and mine supervisors lived in the city center.  

Two townships, Robertsonpet and Andersonpet, are named after two British quarry officers.

The establishment of BEML Limited expanded the city, providing employment and attracting new residents. 

The Kannada-language blockbuster film K.G.F: Chapter 1 and its sequel, K.G.F: Chapter 2, are set there.

National Geological Monument (kgf)

Pyroclastic and pillow lava at Kolar Gold Fields have been declared a National Geological Monument by the Geological Survey of India (GSI) for their conservation, maintenance and encouragement of soil conservation.

Demography

The official language is Kannada, but Tamil and Telugu are also widely spoken.  

Most of the Tamil population trace their descent to laborers brought by the British from the northern Arcot, Chittoor, Salem and Dharmapuri districts of the Madras Presidency at the end of the 19th century.  

The substantial Anglo-Indian and Arcot Mudaliar populations are descendants of my observers.

Mine off

The Kolar gold mines were nationalized in 1956, and a total of over 900 tonnes of gold was made available.  

They were closed by the Government of India on 28 February 2001 for environmental and economic reasons;  Food, water and shelter were scarce, and production did not justify investment.

Education

In 1901, an English-language primary school was founded at the Nandidurg Mine by John Taylor & Sons to educate the children of British and European employees.  

It is known as the Kolar Gold Fields Boys’ School, and was upgraded to a middle and high school;  The students took the senior Cambridge exam.  

The school was co-educational at the primary level.

On 15 January 1904, the Sisters of St. Joseph of Tarbes established an English-language school for 22 girls, European and Anglo-Indian.  

St. Mary’s Boys’ School was also established.  The boys’ school later moved to Andersonpet.

In 1933, St. Joseph’s Order of the Tarbes established St. Theresa’s School in Robertsonpet;  St. Sebastian’s School was founded a decade later in the Coromandel.  

Both schools offered English lessons. To educate the growing Marwari population, Sumati Jain High School was established in Robertsonpet.  

K.G.F.  KGF College of Dental Science and Hospital, Drs.  T.  There are several colleges including Thimmaiah Institute of Technology, and Sri Kengal Hanumanthaiah Law College, Don Bosco Technical Institute.

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