The Election Commission was established on January 25, 1950, according to the Constitution. Articles 324 to 329 of the constitution relating to the powers, functions, tenure, eligibility, etc. of the Election Commission and members.
Article related to elections in constitution
Article 324: Inherent in the Election Commission for elections: Superintendence, direction, and control.
Article 325: Provision not to include any particular person on the basis of religion, caste, or sex and not to be disqualified for voting on the basis of them.
Article 326: Election for Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha of each state will be on the basis of adult suffrage.
Article 327: Power to make laws in Parliament in relation to elections by the legislature.
Article 328: The power of a state’s legislature to make laws for its election.
Article 329: Bar for courts to interfere in electoral matters (BAR)
Election Commission Structure
The Election Commission originally provided for only one Election Commissioner but was made a three-member member on October 16, 1989, through a notification from the President.
Subsequently, it was made a one-member commission for some time and on October 1, 1993, its three-member commission form was restored.
Since then the Election Commission has had one Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners. The Secretariat of the Election Commission is located in New Delhi.
The Chief Electoral Officer is an officer of IAS rank, who is appointed by the President and the Election Commissioners are also appointed by the President. Their tenure is till the age of 6 years or 65 years (whichever is earlier).
They receive the same status as the judges of the Supreme Court of India and get equal pay and allowances.
The Chief Election Commissioner can be removed from office by Parliament in the same manner as the procedure to remove a judge of the Supreme Court.
Procedure for removal of the Chief Election Commissioner
The judges of the High Courts and the Supreme Court, the Chief Election Commissioner, the Comptroller, and Auditor General can be removed from the post only if they are accused of misconduct or misuse of the post or through a motion adopted by Parliament on the basis of incompetence.
Removal requires a special majority of two-thirds of the members and for this, more than 50 percent of the total members of the house should vote.
The word ‘impeachment’ is not used in the Constitution to remove anyone from the above posts.
The term impeachment is used only to remove the President, which requires a special majority of two-thirds of the total number of members present in both houses of Parliament and this process is not followed in any other case.
Election Commission Functions
The Election Commission superintends, directs, and controls the entire process of election of the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, state assemblies, President and Vice President in India.
Its most important task is to schedule an election schedule from time to time for general elections or by-elections.
It prepares Voter List and issues Voter Identity Card (EPIC). It manages the location for polling and counting centers, setting up polling booths for voters, making all kinds of necessary arrangements in polling and counting centers, and other related works.
The Election Commission recognizes political parties and resolves disputes related to them and allocates election marks to them.
In the case of a disqualification after the election, the Commission also has advisory jurisdiction for the meeting of Members of Parliament and State Legislatures.
The Election Commission issues ‘Model Code of Conduct for political parties and candidates in elections, so as not to commit any unfair act or misuse of powers by those in power.
The Election Commission sets the limit of election campaign spending per candidate for all political parties and also monitors it.
Importance of Election Commission of India
The importance of the Election Commission of India is as follows:
- The Election Commission has been successfully conducting national and state-level elections since the year 1952. Plays an active role to ensure greater participation of people in voting.
- Performs the task of disciplining political parties.
- Adopts the values enshrined in the constitution i.e. establishes equality, fairness, freedom in elections.
- Conducts/conduct elections with the highest levels of reliability, fairness, transparency, integrity, accountability, autonomy, and efficiency.
- A voter-centric and voter-friendly environment ensures the participation of all eligible citizens in the electoral process.
- Engages with political parties and all stakeholders in the electoral process.
- Creates awareness about the electoral process and electoral governance among stakeholders, voters, political parties, election officials, candidates and works to increase people’s confidence and strengthen the country’s electoral system.
Major challenges before the Election Commission
- Over the years, black money and criminal elements have come to dominate politics with violence and electoral malfeasance and have resulted in the criminalization of politics. Dealing with these is a major challenge for the Election Commission.
- Power is largely abused by the governments of the states, which often leads to the transfer of qualified officials to major positions on a large scale before elections.
- The Election Commission’s model code of conduct is violated by using government vehicles and buildings for elections.
- The Election Commission does not have sufficient powers to regulate political parties.
- The Election Commission also has no power to ensure the internal democracy of a political party and financial regulation of a party.
- In recent years, the fairness of the Election Commission has also been questioned and the perception that the Election Commission is acting under executive pressure is growing.
- One of the major institutional drawbacks in the election of the Chief Election Commissioner and the other two commissioners is the lack of transparency, as their selection is based on the choice of the current government.
- Apart from this, allegations like malfunction, hack, and EVMs in EVMs also reduce the trust of the general public towards the Election Commission.
- At present, there is a big challenge before the Commission to be vigilant against the connivance of the bureaucracy at the lower level in favor of the ruling party.
- There is a need to provide more legal support to the Commission’s mandate and the procedures that support the mandate.
- To ensure morality, it is necessary that competent and qualified persons take the responsibility of high positions.
- To ensure the fairness of the Election Commission, the Second Administrative Reforms Commission report recommended that the collegium headed by the Prime Minister along with the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha, the Law Minister and the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha, beheaded by the Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners Propose names to the President for the appointment.
Most Important Questions Related To Election Commission Of India
Sukumar Sen (02 January 1 – 13 13 – 13 May 1963) was an Indian civil servant who was from 21 March 1950 to 19 December 1959. Till was the first Chief Election Commissioner of India.
When did the voter ID card start in India?
Chief Election Commissioner T. N. It was first introduced in 1993 during Seshan’s tenure.
Who is the current Chief Election Commissioner of Kerala?
Mr. K Vijayanandnam
Mr. Pungent Ram Meena
Office Number: 0471 – 2305116
Is the State Election Commission a constitutional body?
Vision – State Election Commission, Karnataka
The State Election Commission is a constitutional authority that came into force on 26-05-1993 after conducting the 73Rd and 74th amendments to conduct elections for rural and urban local bodies in states and rural states in the Constitution of India.
What is the function of the Election Commission?
The Election Commission prepares, maintains, and periodically updates the electoral rolls, which shows who has the right to vote, monitors nomination of candidates, registers political parties, monitors election campaigns, Which includes funding by candidates and exponents.
Who made an electronic voting machine?
Who was the first woman Chief Election Commissioner of India?
VS Ramadevi (15 January 1934 – 17 April 2013) was an Indian civil servant who was the 13th Governor of Karnataka and the 9th Chief Election Commissioner of India from 26 November 1990 to 11 December 1990. She was the first woman to become the Chief Election Commissioner.
Article 324 of the Constitution provides that the direction and direction of the Election Commission shall be vested in the Election Commission for the election of Parliament, State Assemblies, Office of the President of India, and Vice President of India.
The Prime Minister will be appointed by the President and other Ministers will be appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister of India is the head of government and has the responsibility of executive power.
The President of India is indirectly elected by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both houses of parliament, elected members of the legislative assemblies of 28 states, and the legislative assemblies of the union territories of Delhi and Puducherry.
Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their constituencies, and they hold their seats for five years or until they are removed by the President on the Council’s advice. Of ministers.
EVMs were first used in the general elections in Kerala in May 1982; However, the absence of a specific law prescribing its use prevented that election by the Supreme Court.
A woman without a vote is inferior, and can thus be considered. Maybank Anderson, The Sun, 6 July 1912. It will be a hundred years on 12 June 2002 as Australia became the first country in the world to give most women the right to vote and to stand for the Commonwealth Parliament.
SMS <ECI> space <EPIC No> from 1950 (EPIC stands for Electors Photo Identity Card, also commonly known as Voter ID Card).
The Chief Election Commissioner of India can be removed from his office by the President on the basis of a resolution passed by both houses of Parliament with a two-thirds majority in both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. Abuse or disability.
What is the composition of the Election Commission?
What is the current composition of the Election Commission?
At present, the Election Commission of India is a three-member body, consisting of a Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners.
Electoral systems have many variations, but the most common systems are first-past post voting, two-round (runoff) systems, proportional representation, and hierarchical voting. Some electoral systems, such as mixed systems, attempt to combine the benefits of non-proportional and proportional systems.
The panchayat is presided over by the president of the village, known as the sarpanch. The term of elected representatives is five years. The Secretary of the Panchayat is a non-elected representative, who is appointed by the State Government to oversee the Panchayat activities.
Amendment of Article 324 In Article 324 of the Constitution, in clause (1), the words “including the appointment of Election Tribunals for adjudication of doubts and disputes arising in relation to Parliament and the Legislatures of States” shall be omitted.
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