Science and Civilization essay for students in English

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Science and Civilization (M.P. Board 2009, 2016)

Science has been a wonderful phenomenon for mankind. It has considerably altered the world by its wonderful discoveries and inventions. Revolutionary changes have been brought about which could not have taken place in the absence of science. It is the science that produced and developed human civilization. The process of science and the development of human civilization have run parallel. Science has been a potent factor to shape the history of man’s civilization on earth. Our forefathers lived a primitive life and we are now living in an atomic age. This long leap from the jungle to the atomic civilization has been possible only through science.

The concept of civilization is different from that of culture. Civilization includes physical development while culture signifies inner growth. All the industrial, agricultural, and technological developments are essential parts of a developing civilization. We are now living in a world of dazzling glitter. Machines have reduced much of human labor and suffering. They are serving humanity like faithful servants. Ours is a push-button civilization, which depends upon tools, implements, and machines.

There are specific features that make a civilization complete. The entire structure of civilization stands on some solid factors. The first condition for a true civilization is that it must include the fulfillment of the primary human necessities just as food, clothing, and housing. It is a matter of proud privilege that the present generation is enjoying better living conditions. We have better clothes to wear, better and nourishing food to eat, and a better house to live in than our ancestors. In this respect, we can assume an easy superiority over them. There is no denying the fact that it is science that has made our living conditions better. We must be grateful to science for its many advantages.

The other factor which makes a civilization meaningful and useful is leisure. If a civilization cannot provide leisure to the people, it is not a civilization of human beings but of brutes. If a person is busy filling his belly, from morning to evening, he does nothing different from what an animal does. The poor fellow struggles for his survival throughout his whole life and this is what the people of hunting and pastoral age did.

Science has bestowed numerous gifts on mankind. Means of transport and communications, medical facilities, electricity, agricultural machinery, recreational facilities, etc. are such gifts of science to man. The blessings of science have made human life smooth and easy. Unfortunately, the gifts of science have not been shared by all human beings equally. No civilization is complete unless the gifts of science are enjoyed by all. The gap between the rich and the poor has widened. This has hampered the uniform development of our civilization.

Science has invited lethal weapons which can destroy mankind in the twinkling of an eye. The atomic weapons have multiplied. Science can take away from us in a moment what it has given to us during the last several ages.

The terror of war is always hanging up on our heads like the Sword of Damocles. The survival of humanity is facing horrible peril. The future of our civilization is uncertain if the atomic weapons spark the Third World War. If science has made civilization strong on one hand, it has made it weak on the other. If the gifts of science are not properly used, time is not far when we shall see the end of human civilization.

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